UNS C44300 Copper-Zinc-Tin Alloy, commonly known as Admiralty Brass, is a corrosion-resistant copper alloy designed for heat exchanger tubes, condensers, and marine equipment. It contains 70% copper, 29% zinc, and 1% tin, providing excellent resistance to dezincification, stress corrosion, and seawater attack.
This alloy is widely used in marine and industrial heat exchangers, desalination plants, and power stations where freshwater and saltwater corrosion resistance is essential.
Manufactured according to ASTM B111 / B111M, ASTM B135, and ASTM B36, our C44300 Admiralty Brass tubes, plates, and sheets offer reliable performance and long service life.
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Product Specifications
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Alloy Name | UNS C44300 / Admiralty Brass |
| Standard | ASTM B111, ASTM B135, ASTM B36, EN 12451 |
| Chemical Composition | Cu–Zn–Sn Alloy |
| Density | 8.53 g/cm³ |
| Melting Range | 900 – 940 °C |
| Forms Available | Tubes, Sheets, Plates, Rods, Bars |
| Temper | O (Annealed), H55, H80 |
| Surface Finish | Polished, Bright, Mill Finish |
| Tolerance | As per ASTM / EN / Customer Requirement |
| Packaging | Standard export seaworthy packaging |
Chemical Composition (Typical %)
| Element | Composition (%) |
|---|---|
| Copper (Cu) | 70.0 (min) |
| Zinc (Zn) | Balance |
| Tin (Sn) | 0.9 – 1.2 |
| Lead (Pb) | ≤0.07 |
| Iron (Fe) | ≤0.06 |
| Arsenic (As) | 0.02 – 0.06 |
| Total Impurities | ≤0.3 |
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Annealed (O) | Hard (H55) |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 275 – 400 | 410 – 480 |
| Yield Strength (MPa) | 90 – 150 | 220 – 300 |
| Elongation (%) | 30 – 50 | 10 – 20 |
| Hardness (HV) | 70 – 100 | 120 – 150 |
International Standard Size Chart (Typical for UNS C44300 Admiralty Brass Tubes)
| Outside Diameter (OD) | Wall Thickness (WT) | Standard Tube Length | Common Standards | Manufacturing Type | Dimensional Tolerance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.35 mm (1/4 in) | 0.71 – 1.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 / JIS H3300 | Seamless | OD ±0.08 mm, WT ±10% |
| 9.52 mm (3/8 in) | 0.81 – 1.20 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / ASTM B135 | Seamless | OD ±0.10 mm, WT ±10% |
| 12.70 mm (1/2 in) | 0.81 – 1.65 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Seamless / Welded | OD ±0.10 mm, WT ±10% |
| 15.88 mm (5/8 in) | 0.89 – 1.65 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / JIS H3300 C4430T | Seamless | OD ±0.10 mm, WT ±10% |
| 19.05 mm (3/4 in) | 0.89 – 1.83 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Seamless | OD ±0.10 mm, WT ±10% |
| 22.22 mm (7/8 in) | 1.00 – 2.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 | Seamless | OD ±0.12 mm, WT ±10% |
| 25.40 mm (1 in) | 1.00 – 2.50 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / ASTM B135 | Seamless / Welded | OD ±0.12 mm, WT ±10% |
| 31.75 mm (1-1/4 in) | 1.20 – 3.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | EN 12451 | Seamless | OD ±0.12 mm, WT ±10% |
| 38.10 mm (1-1/2 in) | 1.20 – 3.50 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Seamless / Welded | OD ±0.15 mm, WT ±10% |
| 50.80 mm (2 in) | 1.50 – 4.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / ASTM B135 | Seamless | OD ±0.15 mm, WT ±10% |
| 63.50 mm (2-1/2 in) | 2.00 – 5.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | EN 12451 | Seamless | OD ±0.20 mm, WT ±10% |
| 76.20 mm (3 in) | 2.00 – 5.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 | Seamless | OD ±0.20 mm, WT ±10% |
| 88.90 mm (3-1/2 in) | 2.50 – 6.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Seamless / Welded | OD ±0.25 mm, WT ±10% |
| 101.60 mm (4 in) | 3.00 – 8.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / ASTM B135 | Seamless | OD ±0.25 mm, WT ±10% |
| 114.30 – 159.00 mm | 3.00 – 10.00 mm | 2.0 – 6.0 m | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Seamless | OD ±0.25 mm, WT ±10% |
Additional Dimensional Notes
Length Tolerance: ±5 mm (Cut to length available upon request)
Straightness: ≤ 0.5 mm per 1,000 mm length
End Condition: Plain end, deburred, or expanded end per customer requirement
Custom Sizes: Available up to 400 mm OD and 12 mm WT for special condenser/heat exchanger applications
Delivery Condition: Annealed (O60) / Light Drawn (H55) / Hard Drawn (H80)
Applicable Standards
| Standard | Description | Equivalent Material Designation |
|---|---|---|
| ASTM B111 / B111M | Seamless Copper Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers | C44300 Admiralty Brass |
| ASTM B135 | Seamless Brass Tube for General Engineering | C44300, C44400 |
| EN 12451 | Copper and Copper Alloys - Seamless, Round Tubes for Heat Exchangers | CW706R |
| JIS H3300 | Copper and Copper Alloy Seamless Pipes and Tubes | C4430T |
| ISO 1635 | Copper Alloy Tubes for Condensers and Heat Exchangers | C44300 Equivalent |
Professional Notes for Buyers
Standard export supply length: 6 meters, with ±1% tolerance.
For heat exchanger or condenser applications, internal surfaces can be bright annealed and degreased.
Hydrostatic and Eddy Current testing are performed per ASTM B111 requirements.
Tubes can be supplied straight or U-bent depending on design layout.
Mechanical and Physical Testing
| Test Item | Test Method / Standard | Requirement |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Test | ASTM E8 / EN ISO 6892-1 | Must meet or exceed minimum tensile strength and elongation per alloy grade |
| Flattening Test | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | No cracks or flaws allowed on outer or inner surfaces |
| Flaring Test | ASTM B111 | Flaring angle ≥ 60°, no splitting or cracking permitted |
| Hydrostatic Pressure Test | ASTM B111 / EN 12451 | Each tube shall withstand minimum 1.5 × design pressure without leakage |
| Eddy Current Test | ASTM E243 / EN ISO 10893-2 | 100% non-destructive examination for wall defects |
| Hardness Test | ASTM E18 | As per temper condition (O60, H55, H80) |
| Grain Size Examination | ASTM E112 | Fine uniform grain structure per alloy specification |
Visual & Dimensional Inspection
Tubes shall be visually inspected for surface defects such as dents, cracks, scales, or porosity.
OD, wall thickness, and length shall conform to tolerance limits per ASTM B111 Table 5 or EN 12451 Clause 7.3.
Straightness deviation: ≤ 0.5 mm per 1 meter length.
Ovality: ≤ 1.5% of nominal OD.
Ends: Clean-cut, square, and deburred unless otherwise specified.
Pressure & Leak Testing
All tubes for heat exchanger or condenser use shall be subjected to hydrostatic pressure testing or eddy current testing at the manufacturer's discretion.
| Test Type | Typical Test Pressure | Purpose |
|---|---|---|
| Hydrostatic Test | 30–100 bar (depending on wall thickness & OD) | Detect internal leaks or porosity |
| Eddy Current Test | Low-voltage induced current | Detect surface and sub-surface defects |
| Air Under Water Test (optional) | 5 bar submerged | Optional for special equipment tubes |
Surface Quality & Cleanliness
Tubes are supplied clean, bright, and free from grease, scale, or oxide films.
Degreased and pickled finish available for condenser or heat exchanger applications.
Bright annealed finish available upon request.
Surface condition complies with ASTM B111 – Section 12 "Finish" or EN 12451 – Clause 8.
Packing and Marking
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Export Packaging | Bundled with plastic film, moisture barrier, and strong wooden cases |
| Marking | Each tube marked with: Alloy Grade (C44300), Size, Heat No., ASTM Standard, Manufacturer |
| Bundle Weight | 500 – 2,000 kg per bundle, depending on OD |
| Protection | Tube ends sealed with plastic caps to prevent contamination |
| Shipping | By sea, air, or land with full traceability and packing list documentation |
Certificates & Documentation
All tubes are supplied with complete test and inspection documentation, including:
Mill Test Certificate (EN 10204 3.1 / 3.2)
Chemical Composition Report (Spectrometer Analysis)
Mechanical Test Report (Tensile & Hardness)
Hydrostatic or Eddy Current Test Record
Dimensional Inspection Sheet
Packing List & Origin Certificate (for export shipments)
Optional Testing & Third-Party Inspection
Third-party inspection agencies such as SGS, BV, TUV, Intertek can witness testing and verify compliance prior to dispatch.
Additional optional tests include:
Microstructure Examination
Corrosion Resistance Testing (ASTM B368 Salt Spray)
Ultrasonic Thickness Verification
Radiographic Inspection (X-ray) for critical applications
Delivery Conditions
| Condition Code | Description |
|---|---|
| O60 (Annealed) | Fully soft, suitable for bending and forming |
| H55 (Half Hard) | Moderate strength, suitable for general engineering |
| H80 (Hard Drawn) | High strength, used for straight condenser tubes |
| BA (Bright Annealed) | Clean and reflective internal surface for heat exchangers |
FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions)
Q1: What is the main difference between C44300 and C44400?
A1: C44300 contains 1% tin and trace arsenic, while C44400 has slightly higher tin and lead content for improved machinability. Both belong to Admiralty Brass family.
Q2: What makes C44300 suitable for marine applications?
A2: The alloy resists dezincification and biofouling, ensuring long life in seawater cooling systems.
Q3: What is the typical standard for C44300 tubes?
A3: ASTM B111 / B111M and EN 12451 for seamless condenser and heat exchanger tubes.
Q4: Can C44300 be welded or brazed?
A4: Yes, it can be soft-soldered, silver-brazed, and welded with standard techniques.
Q5: Is C44300 resistant to stress corrosion cracking?
A5: Yes, due to the tin and arsenic additions, it shows excellent resistance to stress cracking.
Q6: What is the service temperature range?
A6: Up to 200°C continuous service for marine and industrial environments.
Q7: Can I get C44300 in sheet or plate form?
A7: Yes, we supply tubes, sheets, plates, rods, and bars, all in custom dimensions.
Q8: What surface finishes are available?
A8: Mill finish, bright annealed, and polished surfaces available per request.
Q9: What inspection certificates are provided?
A9: Mill Test Certificates (EN10204 3.1) and third-party inspections (SGS, BV, TUV).
Q10: What is the density and melting point of C44300?
A10: Density is 8.53 g/cm³, and melting range is 900–940°C.
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