Below is a comprehensive Carbon Steel Grade Comparison Table (English), commonly used for international trade, engineering selection, and technical reference.
It covers ASTM / AISI (USA), EN (Europe), JIS (Japan), GB (China) systems and is suitable for plates, sheets, coils, pipes, bars, and structural sections.
Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel, ≤0.25%C)
| USA (ASTM / AISI) | Europe (EN) | Japan (JIS) | China (GB) | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A36 | S235JR | SS400 | Q235B | Structural steel, beams, plates |
| AISI 1006 | DC01 | SPCC | Q195 | Deep drawing sheets |
| AISI 1008 | DC03 | SPCE | Q195 | Cold forming |
| AISI 1010 | DC04 | SPCE | Q215 | Pressing, stamping |
| AISI 1015 | C15 | S15C | 15 | Shafts, bolts |
| AISI 1018 | C18 / C20E | S20C | 20 | Machined parts |
| ASTM A283 Gr C | S235JR | SS400 | Q235 | General plate |
Medium Carbon Steel (0.25–0.60%C)
| USA (ASTM / AISI) | Europe (EN) | Japan (JIS) | China (GB) | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AISI 1020 | C22 / C22E | S20C | 20 | Mechanical parts |
| AISI 1025 | C25 | S25C | 25 | Shafts, pins |
| AISI 1030 | C30 | S30C | 30 | Forged parts |
| AISI 1035 | C35 | S35C | 35 | Gears, rods |
| AISI 1040 | C40 / C40E | S40C | 40 | Crankshafts |
| AISI 1045 | C45 | S45C | 45 | Widely used machinery steel |
| ASTM A105 | C45E | S45C | 45 | Forgings, flanges |
High Carbon Steel (≥0.60%C)
| USA (ASTM / AISI) | Europe (EN) | Japan (JIS) | China (GB) | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AISI 1060 | C60 | S60C | 60 | Springs, wear parts |
| AISI 1065 | C65 | S65C | 65 | High-strength parts |
| AISI 1070 | C70 | S70C | 70 | Cutting tools |
| AISI 1080 | C80 | S80C | 80 | Blades |
| AISI 1095 | C95 | SK95 | 95 | Knives, saws |
Structural & Pressure Carbon Steel (Plates / Pipes)
| Standard | Grade | Equivalent | Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A516 Gr 60 | EN P265GH | GB Q245R | Pressure vessels |
| ASTM A516 Gr 70 | EN P355GH | GB Q345R | Boilers |
| ASTM A106 Gr B | EN P235GH | GB 20G | Seamless pipes |
| ASTM A53 Gr B | EN E235 | GB 20 | Fluid pipes |
| ASTM A283 Gr D | EN S275 | GB Q275 | Structural plate |
Carbon Steel Pipe Grades
| USA | Europe | Japan | China |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM A106 Gr B | EN P235GH | STPG370 | 20G |
| ASTM A53 Gr B | EN E235 | STK400 | Q235 |
| ASTM A179 | EN E195 | STB340 | 10 |
Carbon Steel Classification by Carbon Content
| Carbon Content | Type | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|
| ≤0.25% | Low Carbon Steel | Excellent formability, weldable |
| 0.25–0.60% | Medium Carbon Steel | Balanced strength & toughness |
| ≥0.60% | High Carbon Steel | High hardness, wear resistance |
Notes for Buyers & Engineers
ASTM / AISI grades are widely used in North America & global exports
EN grades dominate EU engineering & pressure equipment
JIS is common in Japan & Southeast Asia
GB grades are standard for China manufacturing & sourcing
Mechanical properties may vary depending on heat treatment & product form
